UNIT+1-+CHEM-BIOCHEM

= Unit 1- Chemistry Basics By: Tim Lorio, Ryan Ott, and Matt Thorne  =

__Unit Summary__
In Unit 1 Chemistry Basics we learned in class about the basics of chemestry. For instance we learned about the atom and what things are involved with it like protrons, nuetrons, and electrons. We learned about elements and isotopes as well as compounds. We also were taught the diffrent kinds of chemical bonds that atoms and compunds make like Ionic and Covalent. We also learned the properties of water and all about the water molecule and everything that goes along with that. Also in this unit we learned about diffrent mixtures like solutions and suspentions as well as the pH scale. Finally we learned all about carbon, monomers, polymers, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Proteins.

__List of Terms A to Z__

 * Acid**- compound that forms hydrogen bond (H+) in a solution
 * Activation energy**- energy needed to get a reaction started
 * Adhesion**- attraction between molecules of different substances
 * Amino acid**- compound with amino group on one end and a carboxyl on the other
 * Atom**- smallest unit of matter
 * Base**- compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH+) in a solution
 * Buffer**- weak acid or basse that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp sudden changes in pH
 * Carbohydrate**- compund made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
 * Catalyst**-substance that speeds up the rate of the chemical reaction
 * Chemical reaction**- process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
 * Cohesion**- attraction between molecules of the same substance
 * Compound**- substance formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more elements in definite proportions
 * Covalent bond**- bond formed by the sharing of the electrons between atoms
 * DNA**- nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
 * Electron**- negative charged particle
 * Element**- substance consisting entirely of one atom
 * Enzyme**- protein that acts as biological catalyst
 * Ion**- atom that has a positive or a negative charge
 * Ionic bond**- boond formed when one or more electron are transfered from one atom to another
 * Isotope**- atom of an element that has a number of neutrons different from that of other atoms of the same element
 * Lipid**- macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
 * Mixture**- material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined
 * Molecules**- smallest unit of most compunds
 * Monomer**- small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers
 * Monosaccharide**- single sugar molecule
 * Nucleic acid**- macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
 * Nucleotide**- monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
 * Nucleus**- the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons
 * PH scale**- measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14
 * Polymer**- large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
 * Polysaccharide**- large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides
 * Product**- element or compound produced by a chemical reaction
 * Protein**- macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed for body growth and repair and to make enzymes
 * Reactant**- element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction
 * RNA**- single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
 * Solute**- substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution
 * Solution**- mixture of 2 or more substances in which the molecules of the substances are evenly distributed
 * Solvent**- substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution
 * Substrate**- reactant of an enzyme-catalzyed reaction
 * Suspension**- mixture of water and a nondissolved materials
 * Van der Waals forces**- a slight attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules

__**Work Cited**__
“Biology I Animations.” //Interactive Activities//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2011. . “Life in the Universe: I. Background in Biology.” //RST Section 20//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2011. .