DNA-RNA

﻿ DNA-RNA

__ Structure __

// DNA //
 * Double helix shape- Two strands bound around each other
 * DNA is a long molecule consisting of nucelotides
 * Nucleotides are made up of a deoxyribose molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
 * The backbone of DNA is sugar and the phosphate groups of each nucleotide
 * The nitrogenous bases that make up DNA are adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine
 * These bases form together by base pairing: [A] = [T] [G] = [C]

//RNA //
 * Long chain of nucleotides
 * Sugar is ribose instead of deoxyribose in DNA
 * Single-stranded
 * Contains uracil instead of thymine
 * messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA

[|DNA Structure]

__ Replication __
 * Begins at a single chromosome
 * Continues until whole chromosome is copied
 * Two new complementary strands are made
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">New strands replicate off of the old strands as templates
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">DNA polymerase carries out replication

[|DNA Replication]

__ Types of RNA __ <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Messenger RNA: <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Ribosomal RNA: <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Transfer RNA:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">RNA molecules
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Carry copies of instructions used to assemble amino acids into proteins
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Send messages to rest of cell
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Form of RNA
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Makes up ribosomes
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Molecule of RNA
 * <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;">Transfers each amino acid to the ribosome mRNA tells it to go to

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